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USS ''Parker'' (Destroyer No. 48/DD-48) was an built for the United States Navy prior to the American entry into World War I. The ship was the first U.S. Navy vessel named in honor of Foxhall A. Parker, Jr., a U.S. Navy officer who served in the American Civil War, and as Superintendent of United States Naval Academy. ''Parker'' was laid down by William Cramp and Sons of Philadelphia in March 1912 and launched in February 1913. The ship was a little more than in length, just over abeam, and had a standard displacement of . She was armed with four guns and had eight torpedo tubes. ''Parker'' was powered by a pair of steam turbines that propelled her at up to . After her January 1914 commissioning, she assisted her sister ship when that ship suffered an explosion in one of her fire rooms in April. After the U.S. entered World War I in April 1917, ''Parker'' served as an escort for the fourth group of the first American troop convoy of the war. Afterwards, she patrolled the Irish Sea out of Queenstown, Ireland. ''Parker'' rescued nine survivors of a torpedoed British hospital ship in February 1918, and her crew received accolades from the British Parliament, the Admiralty, and U.S. Navy officials. Upon returning to the U.S. after the war in July 1919, ''Parker'' rejoined the Atlantic Fleet. ''Parker'' was decommissioned in June 1922. She was struck from the Naval Vessel Register in March 1935, and ordered scrapped in April. ==Design and construction== ''Parker'' was authorized in March 1911 as the third of four ships of the , which was almost identical to the s authorized at the same time.〔〔The is considered a part of the by ''Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1906–1921'' (p. 122), but is classed separately by the United States Navy. See, for example, 〕 Construction of the vessel — like her three sister ships — was awarded to William Cramp and Sons of Philadelphia which laid down her keel on 11 March 1912.〔 On 8 February 1913,〔 ''Parker'' was launched by sponsor Mrs. Henry W. Hand, wife of the vice president of the Cramp shipyard. The ship was the first U.S. Navy vessel to be named for Foxhall A. Parker, Jr., a U.S. Navy officer who served in the American Civil War, and as Superintendent of United States Naval Academy; he was also a co-founder of the United States Naval Institute.〔 As built, the destroyer was in length, abeam, and drew .〔〔 The ship had a standard displacement of and displaced when fully loaded.〔〔 ''Parker'' had two steam turbines that drove her two screw propellers, and an additional pair triple-expansion steam engines, each connected to one of the propeller shafts, for cruising purposes. Four oil-burning boilers powered the engines, which could generate , moving the ship at the design speed of ;〔〔 After sister ship failed to meet the design speed in her July 1913 builder's trials, ''Parker'' was outfitted with redesigned propellers, and exceeded the contracted speed in her trials in November, when she topped out at during runs off the Delaware Breakwater. ''Parker''s main battery consisted of four caliber Mark 9 guns,〔〔The ''50'' denotes the length of the gun barrels; in this case, the gun is 50 calibers, meaning that the gun is 50 times as long as its bore, or in this case. The Mark number is the version of the gun; in this case, the ninth U.S. Navy design of the 4-inch/50 gun.〕 with each gun weighing in excess of .〔 The guns fired armor-piercing projectiles at . At an elevation of 20°, the guns had a range of .〔 ''Parker'' was also equipped with four twin mount torpedo tubes.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「USS Parker (DD-48)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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